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Further Resources

Books & Articles

  • Goozner, Merrill
    THE $800 MILLION PILL: The Truth Behind the Cost
    of New Drugs
    University of California Press, Los Angeles, 2004.
    • “The pharmaceutical industry is no paragon of selfless public service, as Merrill Goozner, former chief economics writer for The Chicago Tribune, documents in “The $800 Million Pill”. The industry's claim that it needs big profits to create tomorrow's cures is a half-truth at best... ” (from the review by John Carey)
  • Hutton, Christine, Ed.
    Patient Charges and Decision Making Behaviours
    of Consumers and Physicians
    IOS Press, Amsterdam, 2003.
    • A study on how cost to patient influences physicians’ treatment choices and patients’ decision-making process for pharmaceutical and primary care services in the EU. (ENDEP Research Group).
  • Pignarre, Philippe.
    Le grand secret de l'industrie pharmaceutique
    Éditions La Découverte, Paris, 2003.

Reports & Studies

7 May 2002

G10 Medicines - Final Report: Recommendations for Action

• High Level Group on Innovation & Provision of Medicines. Published by the European Commission, Brussels

24 October 2001

Budgetary challenges posed by ageing populations: the impact on public spending on pensions, health and long-term care for the elderly and possible indicators of the long-term sustainability of public finances

• Economic Policy Committee (EPC). Published by the European Commission, Brussels (EPC/ECFIN/630-EN final)

November 2000

Evaluation of the operation of Community procedures for the authorisation of medicinal products

• Evaluation carried out on behalf of the European Commission by CMS Cameron McKenna and Andersen Consulting.

November 2000

Global Competitiveness in Pharmaceuticals: A European Perspective

• Pammolli, Fabio et al. Report Prepared for DG Enterprise, European Commission.

February 1999

Policy Relating to Generic Medicines in the OECD

• NERA - National Economic Research Associates. Study carried out on behalf of the European Commission.

July 1998

How Increased Competition from Generic Drugs has Affected Prices and Returns in the Pharmaceutical Industry

• CBO—US Congressional Budget Office. The Hatch-Waxman Act of 1984 established an abbreviated approval process for generic medicines and extended patents for originator drugs in the United States, setting an important legislative precedent for the world. Has Hatch-Waxman increased competition from generic drugs? How has it affected profits in the originator industry?

Internet Resources

CDER - Office of Generic Drugs

The US Center for Drug Evaluation and Research's Web site on generic medicines and marketing authorisation in the United States.

EudraLex: Rules Governing Medicinal Products in the EU

A complete listing and on-line archive of EU pharmaceutical legislation, organised in nine “volumes”.

EudraVigilance: Pharmacovigilance in the EU

Official information on pharmacovigilance activities related to medicinal products authorised in the European Economic Area (EEA).

Public Citizen - Health Research Group

A great deal of information about medicines oriented to protecting the interests of consumers and patients is available on this US Web site.


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